gondii isolates prevailing in animals and humans in Brazil. The severity of clinical toxoplasmosis in Brazilian children may be associated with the genetic characteristics of T. Among the congenitally infected children whose clinical data are described in this review, several died soon after birth, 35% had neurological disease including hydrocephalus, microcephaly and mental retardation, 80% had ocular lesions, and in one report 40% of children had hearing loss. Most of these infected children are likely to develop symptoms or signs of clinical toxoplasmosis. Based on an estimate of 1 infected child per 1000 births, 2649 children with congenital toxoplasmosis are likely to be born annually in Brazil. gondii IgM at birth, 5–23 children are born infected per 10 000 live births in Brazil. From limited data on screening of infants for T. The burden of toxoplasmosis in congenitally infected children is also very high. The risks for uninfected women to acquire toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and fetal transmission are high because the environment is highly contaminated with oocysts. Up to 50% of elementary school children and 50–80% of women of child-bearing age have antibodies to T.

This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians, and physicians. In the present paper we review prevalence, clinical spectrum, molecular epidemiology, and control of T. Many early papers on toxoplasmosis in Brazil were published in Portuguese and often not available to scientists in English-speaking countries. Any information you publish in a comment, profile, work, or Content that you post or import onto AO3 including in summaries, notes and tags, will be accessible. The high prevalence and encouragement of the Brazilian Government provides a unique opportunity for international groups to study the epidemiology and control of toxoplasmosis in Brazil. The burden of clinical toxoplasmosis in humans is considered to be very high. Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent in humans and animals in Brazil.

Novas Got Nerve by B.L. Jones